Apache最新官方配置文件中文版。帮忙web服务器管理员更方便的对Apache进行配置

文章简介:Apache最新官方配置文件中文版。帮忙web服务器管理员更方便的对Apache进行配置。

　　#

　　# Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.

　　#参照NCSA服务器的配置文件，原版由Rob McCool发布

　　#

　　# This is the main Apache server configuration file.　It contains the

　　# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.

　　# See for detailed information about

　　# the directives.

　　#这是Apache server的主配置文件. 它包含配置指令，来指示服务器

　　#请参考 http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0 了解关于指令的详细信息

　　# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding

　　# what they do.　They're here only as hints or reminders.　If you are unsure

　　# consult the online docs. You have been warned.

　　#不要仅仅是阅读本指令，而应该理解指令做了什么。在这里仅起提示的作用。

　　#如果你不清楚请参阅在线文档。特别提示

　　# The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:

　　#配置文件批令分为三个基本组

　　#　1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a

　　#　　 whole (the 'global environment').

　　#　1. 控制Apache server的全局操作的指令(全局环境变量).

　　#　2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,

　　#　　 which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.

　　#　　 These directives also provide default values for the settings

　　#　　 of all virtual hosts.

　　#　2.配置主服务或者默认服务的指令，它针对那些被虚拟主机以外的请求作出响应.

　　#　　它也包含虚拟主机的一些默认参数

　　#　3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to

　　#　　 different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the

　　#　　 same Apache server process.

　　#　3. 虚拟主机设置，这使得发往不同的ip或者主机名的请求可以被子同一个Apache服务#　　 器处理

　　# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many

　　# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the

　　# server will use that explicit path.　If the filenames do *not* begin

　　# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"

　　# with ServerRoot set to "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2" will be interpreted by the

　　# server as "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/logs/foo.log".

　　#配置和日志文件名:如果你所指定的文件名以”/”(在Win32中以盘符:/)开头，服务器将以绝对路径来处理。如果不以”/”开头，则以相对于ServerRoot不解释，所以对于logs/foo.log来讲，当ServerRoot为"C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2”时，则指的是

　　C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/logs/foo.log文件

　　# NOTE: Where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes

　　# instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:\apache").

　　注意，在文件名的定义中，必须用正斜杠，而不是反斜杠，如c:/apache而不是c:\apache

　　# If a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which Apache.exe is located

　　# will be used by default.　It is recommended that you always supply

　　# an explicit drive letter in absolute paths, however, to avoid

　　# confusion.

　　#如果省略了盘符，则以Apache.exe所在的盘符为默认值

　　建议在绝对路径中永远使用显式的盘符，这样有助于消除误解

　　### Section 1: Global Environment

　　#第一部分全局环境

　　#

　　# The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,

　　# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it

　　# can find its configuration files.

　　#本部分的指令将影响整个Apache服务器，例如它所能处理的并发请求数或者它在哪里能够找到其配置文件

　　#

　　# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's

　　# configuration, error, and log files are kept.

　　# ServerRoot: 服务器的配置，错误和日志文件的根目录

　　# NOTE!　If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)

　　# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available

　　# at );

　　# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.

　　#注意:如果将其保存到NFS上或者网络上mounted的文件系统上，然后应该阅读LockFile文档，http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile，将能解决你的很多麻烦.

　　# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.

　　#不要在目录的末尾加上斜杠

　　ServerRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2"

　　ServerRoot:根目录

　　#

　　# ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.

　　# If unspecified (the default), the scoreboard will be stored in an

　　# anonymous shared memory segment, and will be unavailable to third-party

　　# applications.

　　ScoreBoardFile: 保存服务器内部的处理信息

　　如果未定议(默认状态)，scoreboard将被保存在匿名的共享内存段中，并且对于第三方来讲，是不可获得的

　　# If specified, ensure that no two invocations of Apache share the same

　　# scoreboard file. The scoreboard file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.

　　#如果已定义，应确保Apache的两个调用不能共享同一个scoreboard. Scoreboard文件必须存放在可分配的磁盘上

　　#ScoreBoardFile logs/apache_runtime_status

　　#

　　# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process

　　# identification number when it starts.

　　#PidFile:当服务器起努时，服务器需要将其进程ID号存放在此文件中

　　PidFile logs/httpd.pid

　　#

　　# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.

　　#Timeout:接收和发送数据的超时设置，秒数

　　Timeout 300

　　#

　　# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than

　　# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.

　　#KeepAlive: 是否支持持久联接(而不是每个请求建一个连接),设off关闭此功能

　　KeepAlive On

　　#

　　# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow

　　# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.

　　# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.

　　#MaxKeepAliveRequests:在持久连接期间，所允许的最大请求数量。设为0表示不作限制

　　建议设为较高的数，以提高性能

　　MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

　　#

　　# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the

　　# same client on the same connection.

　　#KeepAliveTimeout:在同一个客户连接中，等待下一个请求的等待时间。

　　KeepAliveTimeout 15

　　##

　　## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)

　　## 常规Server-Pool服务器池的大小(每分钟M数)

　　# WinNT MPM WinNT 的MPM

　　# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in the server process

　　ThreadPerChild:服务器进程中工作的线程数量

　　# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum　number of requests a server process serves

　　每个服务进程的最大请求数

　　

　　ThreadsPerChild 250

　　MaxRequestsPerChild　0

　　

　　#

　　# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or

　　# ports, instead of the default. See also the

　　# directive.

　　#Listen:允许你将Apache绑定到指定的IP地址或端口，而不是默认端口，请同时参考指令

　　# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to

　　# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses (0.0.0.0)

　　#像下面那样指定侦听的IP地址，防止Apache抢占所有绑定的IP地址

　　#Listen 12.34.56.78:80

　　Listen 80

　　#

　　# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support

　　#动态共享对象支持DSO

　　# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you

　　# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the

　　# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.

　　# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need

　　# to be loaded here.

　　#为了能够使用模块功能，模块通常以DSO的方式构建，你应该在下面使用LoadModule行，使得能够在使用前获得指令的功能。静态编译模块(在httpd-1中所列举的)不需要在此装载

　　# Example:

　　# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so

　　#

　　LoadModule access_module modules/mod_access.so

　　LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so

　　LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so

　　LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so

　　LoadModule auth_module modules/mod_auth.so

　　#LoadModule auth_anon_module modules/mod_auth_anon.so

　　#LoadModule auth_dbm_module modules/mod_auth_dbm.so

　　#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so

　　LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so

　　#LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so

　　LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

　　#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so

　　#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so

　　LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so

　　LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so

　　#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so

　　#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so

　　#LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so

　　LoadModule imap_module modules/mod_imap.so

　　LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so

　　#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so

　　LoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so

　　LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so

　　LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so

　　#LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so

　　#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

　　#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so

　　#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

　　#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

　　LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so

　　#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

　　LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so

　　#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so

　　#LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so

　　#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so

　　LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so

　　#LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so

　　#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so

　　#LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

　　#

　　# ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status

　　# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus

　　# Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.

　　#扩展状态控制Apache是否产生完整的状态信息(设为on产生全部)，如果设为Off则产生基本的信息，当与server-status头有关，默认值为Off

　　#ExtendedStatus On

　　### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration

　　#第二部分:主服务配置

　　# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'

　　# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a

　　# definition.　These values also provide defaults for

　　# any containers you may define later in the file.

　　#本节中指令的设置值，将被主服务所使用，主服务响应那些没有被所处理的请求，这些值也为容器提供了默认值，你可以在后面的文件中定义

　　# All of these directives may appear inside containers,

　　# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the

　　# virtual host being defined.

　　所有这些指令将出现在容器中，这些设定值将在定义virtual host时被覆写。

　　#

　　#

　　# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be

　　# e-mailed.　This address appears on some server-generated pages, such

　　# as error documents.　e.g. admin@your-domain.com

　　# ServerAdmin:你的地址，当系统故障时，可以给你发email。此地址出现在那些由服务器生成的页面上，如出错文档。例如:admin@your-domain.com

　　ServerAdmin webmaster@moers.com

　　#

　　# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.

　　# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify

　　# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.

　　#ServerNaem定义了server名称和端口号，用以标明自己的身份。通常可以自动定义，建议显式地定义，避免起动时出错

　　# If this is not set to valid DNS name for your host, server-generated

　　# redirections will not work.　See also the UseCanonicalName directive.

　　#如果没有正确定义主机的DNS,服务器产生的重定向将不会工作，同时参考UseCanonicalName指令。

　　# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.

　　# You will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make

　　# redirections work in a sensible way.

　　#如果你没有注册DNS名字，请在这里输入IP地址。

　　你可以在任何情况下使用ip地址，这也使用得重定向变得敏感

　　ServerName www.moers.com:80

　　#

　　# UseCanonicalName: Determines how Apache constructs self-referencing

　　# URLs and the SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT variables.

　　# When set "Off", Apache will use the Hostname and Port supplied

　　# by the client.　When set "On", Apache will use the value of the

　　# ServerName directive.

　　#UseCanonicalName:决定Apaceh如何构建自定参考URL,和SERVER_NAME及SERVER_PORT变量

　　当设为Off时，Apache将使用客户端给出的域名和端口。当设为On时，Apache将使用ServerName指令

　　UseCanonicalName Off

　　#

　　# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your

　　# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but

　　# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.

　　#DocumentRoot:服务器文档放置目录。在默认情形下，所有的请求都从这里开始，除了记号和别名将改指它处以外。

　　DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/htdocs"

　　#

　　# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect

　　# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that

　　# directory (and its subdirectories).

　　#每个可供Apache访问的目录，可以配置成允许或禁止哪些服务和特征(包括其子目录)

　　# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of

　　# features.

　　#首先，我们定义一个默认的非常严格的配置

　　

　　Options FollowSymLinks

　　AllowOverride None

　　

　　#

　　# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow

　　# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as

　　# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it

　　# below.

　　#注意，从这一点往前，你必须许可某些特殊的功能，所以如果某些功能未能如你所愿，要确保你在在下述中启用了该功能。

　　#

　　# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.

　　# 这将改变你对DocumentRoot的设置

　　

　　#

　　# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",

　　# or any combination of:

　　可能的值为None,All或者任意组合

　　#　 Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

　　# 索引包括FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

　　# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"

　　# doesn't give it to you.

　　#注意MultiViews被显式地Options All,

　　# The Options directive is both complicated and important.　Please see

　　# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options

　　# for more information.

　　#选项指令既复杂又重要，请参阅http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options了解详情

　　Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

　　#

　　# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

　　# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:

　　#　 Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

　　#AllowOverride 控制什么指令能够加入到.htaccess中，可以是All,None,或者组合关键字

　　AllowOverride None

　　#

　　# Controls who can get stuff from this server.

　　#控制谁可以可以访问此服务

　　Order allow,deny

　　Allow from all

　　

　　#

　　# UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home

　　# directory if a ~user request is received.　Be especially careful to use

　　# proper, forward slashes here.　On Windows NT, "Personal/My Website"

　　# is a more appropriate choice.

　　# UserDir: 用户的home的名称，当接到到~user的请求时。

　　请小心正确使用”/”. 在WinNT上，”Personal/My Website”是更合适的选择

　　UserDir "My Documents/My Website"

　　#

　　# Control access to UserDir directories.　The following is an example

　　# for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.

　　#控制UserDir目录，以下是一个例子，这个目录是只读的

　　# You must correct the path for the root to match your system's configured

　　# user directory location, e.g. "C:/WinNT/profiles/*/My Documents/My Website"

　　# or whichever, as appropriate.

　　#你必须更正root目录，与系统设置相配，如用户目录是C:/WinNT/profiles/*/My Documents/My Website或者其它合适的

　　#

　　#　　AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

　　#　　Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec

　　#　　

　　#　　　　Order allow,deny

　　#　　　　Allow from all

　　#　　

　　#　　

　　#　　　　Order deny,allow

　　#　　　　Deny from all

　　#　　

　　#

　　#

　　# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory

　　# is requested.

　　#DirectoryIndex: Apache服务器将要以一个目录的形式响应服务

　　# The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content-

　　# negotiated documents.　The MultiViews Option can be used for the

　　# same purpose, but it is much slower.

　　#index.html变量文件(一种映射)将直接传送内容。MultiViews选项可以用于同样的目的，但是要慢得多

　　DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var

　　#

　　# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory

　　# for additional configuration directives.　See also the AllowOverride

　　# directive.

　　#AccessFileName: 用来查找各个目录下额外的配置指令的配置文件名，同时参考AllowOverride(允许重载)指令

　　#Acce

　　AccessFileName .htaccess

　　#

　　# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being

　　# viewed by Web clients.

　　#下面两行，阻址Web客户端访问 .htaccess和htpasswd(访问设定和密码)的文件

　　#

　　

　　Order allow,deny

　　Deny from all

　　

　　#

　　# TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is

　　# to be found.

　　# TypesConfig，描述在何处找到mime型别

　　TypesConfig conf/mime.types

　　#

　　# DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document

　　# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.

　　如果服务器不能确定文档的型别，将使用默认的MIME型别,例如根据扩展名

　　# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is

　　# a good value.　If most of your content is binary, such as applications

　　# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to

　　# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are

　　# text.

　　#如果你的服务器主要包括text/html文档，”text/plain”就是一个好的取值。如果你的大多数内容是binary(二进制)的，如应用程序或图片，你可能希望使用application/octet-stream，使得浏览器试图显示二进制数据，尽管它们是文本

　　DefaultType text/plain

　　#

　　# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the

　　# contents of the file itself to determine its type.　The MIMEMagicFile

　　# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.

　　# mod_mime_magic模块，允许服务器根据内容提示来识别文件型别。MIMEMagicFile指令告知模块“内容提示”应到何处找。

　　

　　MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

　　

　　#

　　# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses

　　# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).

　　# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people

　　# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that

　　# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the

　　# nameserver.

　　HostNameLookups: 客户日志或者仅其IP地址，如www.apache.org(on) 或者204.62.129.132

　　(off).默认为值设为off比较好，如果希望将此置为on将意味着第一次客户请求都至少要查询一次nameserver.

　　#

　　HostnameLookups Off

　　#

　　# EnableMMAP: Control whether memory-mapping is used to deliver

　　# files (assuming that the underlying OS supports it).

　　# The default is on; turn this off if you serve from NFS-mounted

　　# filesystems.　On some systems, turning it off (regardless of

　　# filesystem) can improve performance; for details, please see

　　# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#enablemmap

　　# EnableMMAP: 控制是否通过内存映射的方式传送文件(须得操作系统支持)

　　默认值为on; 如果你使用NSF加载的文件系统(通常在linux下),应置为off. 在某些系统上，置off,不管使用什么文件系统，能够提高效率，详细情况，请参阅文档

　　#EnableMMAP off

　　#

　　# EnableSendfile: Control whether the sendfile kernel support is

　　# used　to deliver files (assuming that the OS supports it).

　　# The default is on; turn this off if you serve from NFS-mounted

　　# filesystems.　Please see

　　# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#enablesendfile

　　# EnableSendfile: 控制内核传送文件是否支持(需要OS支持)。默认为on,如果使用NFS,则使用off

　　#EnableSendfile off

　　#

　　# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.

　　# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a

　　# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be

　　# logged here.　If you *do* define an error logfile for a

　　# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.

　　#ErrorLog: 出错日志文件

　　如果你想为虚拟主机定义Errorlog指令，则该虚拟主机的错误信息将被记录到这里

　　ErrorLog logs/error.log

　　#

　　# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error.log.

　　# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,

　　# alert, emerg.

　　# LogLever: 日志等级，(与log4j相似，译者注)，决定哪些级别的出错信息将被记录，如debug,info,notice,warn,error, crit，alert,emerg等，在设定级别以上的信息就会被记录(译者注).

　　LogLevel warn

　　#

　　# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with

　　# a CustomLog directive (see below).

　　# 日志格式(与log4j相似)

　　LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined

　　LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

　　LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer

　　LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent

　　# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O

　　#LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio

　　未完待续……